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Resection and Reconstruction of Calcaneal Tumors – A Review

May 10, 2020

Original Article | Volume 6 | Issue 2 | JBST May-August 2020 | Page 2-4 | Subbiah Shanmugam, Sujay Susikar, Murali Kannan. DOI: 10.13107/jbst.2020.v06i02.22 Author: Subbiah Shanmugam[1], Sujay Susikar[1], Murali Kannan[1] [1]Department of Surgical Oncology, Associate Professor, Centre for Oncology, Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Address of Correspondence Dr. Sujay Susikar, Department of […]

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst – Review

March 7, 2020

Original Article | Volume 6 | Issue 1 | JBST Jan-April 2020 | Page 17-20| DOI: 10.13107/jbst.2020.v06i01.009 Author: Nitin Shetty[1], Prateek Hegde[2], Hemant Singh[3], Ashish Gulia[4] [1]Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India. [2]Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, India. Address of Correspondence Dr. Ashish Gulia […]

Resection and Reconstruction of Calcaneal Tumors – A Review

May 10, 2020

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst – Review

March 7, 2020

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Resection and Reconstruction of Calcaneal Tumors – A Review

May 10, 2020

Author: Subbiah Shanmugam[1], Sujay Susikar[1], Murali Kannan[1]

[1]Department of Surgical Oncology, Associate Professor, Centre for Oncology, Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Address of Correspondence
Dr. Sujay Susikar,
Department of Oncology, Centre for Oncology, Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
E-mail: sujaysusikar@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: Calcaneum is a rare site for Ewing’s sarcoma. The treatment includes neoadjuvant systemic therapy followed by surgical resection and adjuvant systemic therapy. The reconstruction options in this era of limb salvage for bone tumors are not much established in calcaneal tumors in view of limited reporting. Various other reconstruction options available are allograft, iliac crest autograft, and custom-made prosthesis.
Case Report: We have reported a 13-year-old female patient with Ewing’s sarcoma of calcaneum diagnosed by imaging and biopsy. The patient underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and then had undergone total calcanectomy with allograft reconstruction. The post-operative outcomes are fair, and the patient is on adjuvant chemotherapy at present.
Conclusion: Biological reconstruction in the form of allograft is a reliable option with regard to the functional outcomes for calcaneal resections.
Keywords: Calcaneum, Ewing sarcoma, total calcanectomy, allograft.

Reference:
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2. Imanishi J, Choong PF. Three-dimensional printed calcaneal prosthesis following total calcanectomy. Int J Surg Case Rep 2015;10:83-7.
3. Ottolenghi CE, Petracchi LJ. Chondromyxosarcoma of the calcaneus; report of a case of total replacement of involved bone with a homogenous refrigerated calcaneus. J Bone Joint Surg 1953;35:211-4.
4. Scoccianti G, Campanacci DA, Innocenti M, Beltrami G, Capanna R. Total calcanectomy and reconstruction with vascularized iliac bone graft for osteoblastoma: A report of two cases. Foot Ankle Int 2009;30:716-20.
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7. Li J, Guo Z, Pei GX, Wang Z, Chen GJ, Wu ZG. Limb salvage surgery for calcaneal malignancy. J Surg Oncol 2010;102:48-53.
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10. Chou LB, Malawer MM. Osteosarcoma of the calcaneus treated with prosthetic replacement with twelve years of follow up: A case report. Foot Ankle Int 2007;28:841-4.

How to Cite this article: Shanmugam S, Susikar S, Kannan M | Resection and Reconstruction of Calcaneal Tumors – A Review | Journal of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors | May-August 2020; 6(2): 2-4.

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Aneurysmal Bone Cyst – Review

March 7, 2020

Author: Nitin Shetty[1], Prateek Hegde[2], Hemant Singh[3], Ashish Gulia[4]

[1]Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India.
[2]Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, India.

Address of Correspondence
Dr. Ashish Gulia
Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai – 400 012, India.
E- mail: aashishgulia@gmail.com

Abstract
Background: Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare, benign, expansile lesion that produces blood-filled cavities inside the bone. The term, ‘Aneurysmal bone cyst’ was first time used by Jaffe and Lichtenstein in 1942 [1]. The name is a misnomer, as they are neither aneurysmal nor are, they truly cystic, as these lesions do not have an endothelial lined cyst wall. ABC is a disease of childhood or young adulthood with a median age of 13 years, with an incidence of 0.14 per 105 individuals with slight female preponderance [2].
Pathophysiology: ABC usually present as a solitary lesion either as a primary neoplasm (translocation driven) or a secondary lesion arising adjacent to previous bony lesions like giant cell tumours (GCT), osteoblastomas, chondroblastomas [3]. Few authors have proposed post traumatic hypothesis whereas others feel it could due to an hemodynamic disturbance especially venous impedance.
Primary ABCs: Primary ABC is one where it occurs in a bone without any previously known lesion. But now there has been identification of TRE17 also known as USP6 (ubiquitin-specific protease 6) gene on chromosome 17p13.Pathogenesis of some primary ABC involves transcriptional up-regulation of USP6 when there is the chromosomal translocation t(16;17)(q22;p13) which fuses the promoter region of the osteoblast cadherin 11 gene (CDH11) on chromosome 16q22 to the entire coding sequence of the ubiquitin protease USP6 gene on chromosome 17p13 [4].
Secondary ABCs: Approximately one third of the ABCs appear secondary to other pre-existing bone tumours, most commonly from GCT, which accounts for 19-39% of these cases [5]. Other common precursor lesions are chondroblastomas, chondromyxoid fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, osteoblastomas, haemangioendothelioma, angioma, fibroxanthoma (nonossifying fibroma), solitary bone cyst, fibrous histiocytoma, eosinophilic granuloma, radiation osteitis, osteosarcoma, trauma (including fracture), fibrosarcoma and even metastatic carcinoma [3, 5].
ABCs have been likened to a “blood-filled sponge”, composed of blood-filled, anastomosing, cavernomatous spaces, separated by a cyst like wall composed of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, osteoclast like giant cells, osteoid and woven bone.
In approximately one third of cases, a characteristic reticulated lacy chondroid like material, described as a calcified matrix with a chondroid aura, is seen [6]. These are called as “solid aneurysmal bone cyst”. The term “solid aneurysmal bone cyst,” was coined by Sanerkin et al. in 1983 [7].

References

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3. Bonakdarpour A, Levy WM, Aegerter E. Primary and secondary aneurysmal bone cyst: A radiological study of 75 cases. Radiology. 1978;126(1):75–83.
4. Oliveira AM, Hsi BL, Weremowicz S, Rosenberg AE, Dal Cin P, Joseph N, et al. USP6 (Tre2) fusion oncogenes in aneurysmal bone cyst. Cancer Res. 2004;64:1920–1923.
5. Kransdorf M J and Sweet D E.Aneurysmal bone cyst: concept, controversy, clinical presentation, and imaging. American Journal of Roentgenology. 1995;164:573-580.
6. Mirra JM. Bonetumors: clinical, radiological and pathologic correlations. Philadelphia: Lea & Fefiger; 1989:1233–1334.
7. Sanerkin NG, Mott MG, Roylance J. An unusual intraosseous lesion with fibroblastic, osteoblastic, aneurysmal and fibromyxoid elements: “solid” variant of aneurysmal bone cyst. Cancer. 1983;51:2278 –2286.
8. Capanna R, Bettelli G, Biagini R, Ruggieri P, Bertoni F, Campanacci M. Aneurysmal cysts of long bones. Ital J Orthop Traumatol. 1985;11:409–417.
9. Dabska M, Buraczewski J. Aneurysmal bone cyst: Pathology, clinical course and radiologic appearances. Cancer. 1969;23(2):371-389.
10. Mahnken AH, Nolte-Ernsting CC, Wildberger JE, Heussen N, Adam G, Wirtz DC, et al. Aneurysmal bone cyst: Value of MR imaging and conventional radiography. Eur Radiol. 2003;13(5):1118-1124.
11. Rapp TB, Ward JP, Alaia MJ. Aneurysmal bone cyst. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2012;20(4):233–241.
12. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2015.
13. Murphey MD, wan Jaovisidha S, Temple HT, Gannon FH, Jelinek JS, Malawer MM. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma: radiologic-pathologic comparison. Radiology.2003;229(2):545–553.
14. Wallace MT, Henshaw RM. Results of cement versus bone graft reconstruction after intralesional curettage of bone tumors in the skeletally immature patient. J Pediatr Orthop. 2014;34(1):92–100.
15. Reddy KIA, Sinnaeve F, Gaston CL, Grimer RJ, Carter SR.Aneurysmal bone cysts: do simple treatments work? Clin OrthopRelat Res. 2014;472(6):1901–1910.
16. Steffner RJ, Liao C, Stacy G, Atanda A, Attar S, Avedian R, et al. Factors associated with recurrence of primary aneurysmal bone cysts: is argon beam coagulation an effective adjuvant treatment? J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011;93(21):1221–1229.
17. Park HY, Yang SK, Sheppard WL, Hegde V, Zoller SD, Nelson SD, et al. Current management of aneurysmal bone cysts. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2016;9(4):435-444.
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19. Flont P, Kolacinska-Flont M, Niedzielski K. A comparison of cyst wall curettage and en bloc excision in the treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts. World J Surg Oncol.2013;11:109.
20. Elsayad K, Kriz J, Seegenschmiedt H, Imhoff D, Heyd R, Eich HT, et al.Radiotherapy for aneurysmal bone cysts: a rare indication. Strahlenther Onkol.2017;193(4):332-340.
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How to Cite this article: Shetty N, Hegde P, Singh H, Gulia A. Aneurysmal Bone Cyst – Review. Journal of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors January-April 2020;6(1): 17-20.

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Resection and Reconstruction of Calcaneal Tumors – A Review

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Aneurysmal Bone Cyst – Review

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